Mineral and Energy Resources — I

The prominent minerals of India are Iron ore, manganese, nickle, copper, mica, limestone and gypsum.

Odisha is the state that leads in the production of Iron Ore in India.

Two places in India where Bauxite is found are Sundergarh (Odisha) and Palamau (Jharkhand).

Two uses of Bauxite are:

1. Bauxite is the raw material for making aluminium. Aluminium is used for making aircraft, ship and utensils etc.
2. Bauxite is also used in cement, chemicals, soda cans and dishwashers.

It is necessary to conserve mineral resources because they are present on earth in limited quantity and are non-renewable. Their consumption rate is high. Therefore we need to conserve them by stopping their wastage.

Karnataka, Odisha and Chhattisgarh are three states where Iron ore is found in India.

The uses of Manganese are:

1. It is the most important mineral for making Iron and steel.
2. It is used for manufacturing of bleaching powder, insecticides, dry batteries and china clay.
3. It makes steel strong, removes impurities and makes it immune to rusting.
4. It is used to create an alloy with aluminium to produce a metal that is resistant to corrosion.
5. It is used in manufacture of ferromanganese, Silico manganese and Chrome manganese.
6. In paints, pigments and ceramics.

Manganese is important for making iron and steel because of the following reasons:

1. Manganese decreases the brittleness of steel and imparts strength.
2. Manganese makes steel strong, removes impurities and makes it immune to rusting.

The main uses of copper are:

1. Copper is used in electrical machinery, automobile industry, stainless steel and telephones.
2. Copper is used in railway equipment industry and other engineering works.
3. Copper is used in making alloys such as brass and bronze.
4. Copper is used for making arms, ammunition and utensils.

The states where copper is found are Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Jharkhand.

Copper is important for electrical machinery because of its high ductility and high thermal and electrical conductivity. It is used to make electrical wires, motors and generators.

Igneous rocks

72% of pure iron

all the above

Karnataka

manganese

ferromanganese

copper

bauxite

Balaghat district in Madhya Pradesh

Sundargarh in Odisha